
The difference is more readily perceptible in a figure composition as here
than in landscape. The men, women and children enjoying the sun in the public
park on the island of La Grande Jatte in the Seine have the sort of fixity
that a moving film acquires when it comes suddenly to a halt; they are frozen
in their various attitudes. As a preliminary, Seurat made a number of oil
sketches on the spot in a free and indeed Impressionist style. The finished
work was intentionally different.
The technique used is so interesting that
it is apt to gain exclusive attention. One becomes absorbed in the geometric
order that Seurat has imposed on the scene and this certainly is an opposite
value to that of Impressionism. Pissarro, Signac and other artists
attracted by the pointilliste method were somewhat led astray by
the assumption that it opened up a new prospect solely in terms of translating
light into color
The comparison that has often been made between
the Italian master of the geometrically-conceived composition, Piero della Francesca,
and the Seurat of La Grande Jatte is justified in demonstrating
the latter's essential direction. Absorbed though he was with theory, it
would be wrong to assess Seurat as one unaware of the life around him. The
statuesque figures to the right are the acme of bourgeois propriety though
the lady may show pretensions to the eccentricity of high life
by having a pet monkey on a leash. In many details it is a reality magically
become unreal. A moment of charm is made lasting in the little girl running
and the nearer girl bending over her bunch of flowers. The racing four that
flashed across the canvases of Monet and Renoir
at Argenteuil and other river craft here have the sharpness of a miniature.
“Under a blazing midafternoon summer sky, we see the Seine flooded with sunshine, smart town houses on the opposite bank, and small steamboats, sailboats, and a skiff moving up and down the river. Under the trees closer to us many people are strolling, others are sitting or stretched out lazily on the bluish grass. A few are fishing. There are young ladies, a nursemaid, a Dantesque old grandmother under a parasol, a sprawled-out boatman smoking his pipe, the lower part of his trousers completely devoured by the implacable sunlight. A dark-colored dog of no particular breed is sniffing around, a rust-colored butterfly hovers in midair, a young mother is strolling with her little girl dressed in white with a salmon-colored sash, two budding young Army officers from Saint-Cyr are walking by the water. Of the young ladies, one of them is making a bouquet, another is a girl with red hair in a blue dress. We see a married couple carrying a baby, and, at the extreme right, appears a scandalously hieratic-looking couple, a young dandy with a rather excessively elegant lady on his arm who has a yellow, purple, and ultramarine monkey on a leash.”There was public resistance to the picture at first, Arsène Alexandre tells us: “Everything was so new in this immense painting-the conception was bold and the technique one that nobody had never seen or heard before. This was the famous pointillism.”
When exhibited at the Indépendants, the work aroused sneers and
indignation. “There were outcries,” Christophe goes on to say, but
by standing its ground the picture's revolutionary character won out in
the end. Its success was immediately hailed in La Vogue, to
which Félix Fénéon contributed a lively, logical, and
well-informed article.”