| ART “4” “2”-DAY
29 February v.10.00 |
DEATH: 1848 LEJEUNE |
BIRTH: 1908 “BALTHUS” |
| ^
Born on 29 February 1908: Balthasar
Klossowski de Rola Balthus, French count, a
painter, illustrator, and stage designer, who died on 18 February 2001,
354 days after his 23rd birthday. — Appreciated for many years by only a handful of collectors, and ostensibly out of step with the modern movement, Balthus’s classically inspired work won the recognition and admiration of a wider public only late in his career. Although he received no formal training, he came from a highly artistic family background. His father, Erich Klossowski [1875–1949], was a painter and art historian, born to an aristocratic family in East Prussia and the author of a book on Daumier; his brother, Pierre Klossowski [09 Aug 1905 – 13 Aug 2001], was to become a painter and writer; and his mother, Elizabeth Spiro “Baladine” [1886–1969], was also a painter. Beginning in 1919, she engaged, under the name of Baladine, in a long-lasting relationship with the poet Rainer Maria Rilke, providing etchings to accompany many of his poems. In this environment Balthus met the writers André Gide and Pierre-Jean Jouve, as well as Pierre Bonnard, who gave him his earliest guidance. Rilke also acted as Balthus’s mentor, writing the preface for the 13-year-old artist's album of drawings Mitsou (1921), the story of a cat in which narrative themes and stylistic traits of the later work are already apparent. — The reclusive Balthus, in the midst of 20th-century avant-gardism, explored the traditional categories of European painting: the landscape,the still life, the subject painting, and the portrait. He is best known for his controversial depictions of adolescent girls. Balthus was born of artistic Polish parents who were active in a Parisian intellectual milieu that included Pierre Bonnard, André Gide, and André Derain. His father was a painter, art historian, and stage designer whose family had left Warsaw in 1830 and settled in East Prussia. His Jewish mother was also a painter and had moved with her family from Minsk to Breslau, East Prussia, in 1873. Balthus was taken to Berlin by his parents in 1914 at the beginning of World War I,but after his parents separated in 1917 his time was divided for years between war-torn Germany and Switzerland. Poet Rainer Maria Rilke, a friend of Balthus's mother, encouraged the precocious youth to publish an early book of drawings about Mitsou, a lost cat, for which Rilke also contributed a preface. With the help of Gide, in 1924 Balthus returned to Paris, where he began to study painting (with financial aid raised in part by Rilke). Balthus soon began to supporthimself by accepting commissions for stage sets and portraits, but, after his first one-man show in Paris in 1934, he devoted most of his time to large-scale interiors and austere, muted landscapes. In works such as The Street (1933), he presented ordinary moments of contemporary life on a grand scale and utilized traditional, Old Master painting techniques. Although these works were formally somewhat conservative, they raised controversy for their subject matter: the scenes often have an erotic, disturbing atmosphere and are often peopled with pensive adolescent girls. The presence of these languid, dreamy girls has often given rise to charges of pedophilic overtones; however, the artist's depiction of these girls has also been interpreted as a truthful, evocative portrayal of the awkwardness of adolescence. Balthus was given a successful show at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 1956, and he served as director of the French Academy in Rome from 1961 to 1977 (earning André Malraux's praise as France's “second ambassador to Italy”). He was honored with huge retrospectives at the Georges Pompidou Centre in Paris in 1983 and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City in 1984. He spent the last two decades of the century as a virtual recluse in Switzerland, where he lived in a grand, 18th-century chalet with his second wife. He continued to paint into his 90s. — LINKS — Le Salon (1943, 113x147cm; 800x1028pix, 594kb _ ZOOM to 1785x2294pix, 3046kb) _ Although his first exhibition was in a Surrealist gallery and he had many friends among the Surrealists, Balthus never adopted the methods of Surrealism. He has no interest in visual puns, automatism, abstraction, or other facets of the Surrealist program. What he does share with Surrealism is an interest in eroticism as a central fact of psychic life. His constant theme is the self-absorbed, dawning sexuality of the virginal adolescent. — La Montagne (1937, 249x366cm) _ This is one of Balthus's most important early works. Completed three years after the artist's first one-man exhibition, at age twenty-six, this majestic panorama is also his largest canvas and one of the few that depicts figures in a landscape. First exhibited in 1939 with the title Été, it remains the only completed painting in a projected cycle of the four seasons. Painted in objective and exacting detail, the realistic figures and landscape seem at odds with the Surrealistically contrived narrative. Seven figures are located on an imaginary plateau near the top of the Niederhorn in the Bernese Oberland, a landscape familiar to Balthus since childhood. Either intentionally or unintentionally, the figures seem unaware of one another. Their gaze is trancelike and one young woman is actually asleep on the ground. While the connection between the figures is ambiguous, there is a direct correspondence between the shape and posture of each person and the surrounding mountain formations. As a young man Balthus made the obligatory trip to Italy and France to study the work of the Old Masters, including Piero della Francesca, Nicolas Poussin, and Gustave Courbet. In this masterwork of his early years, Balthus pays homage to the strong simplified forms of della Francesca and the cultivated awkwardness of the figures of Courbet. — Nude Before a Mirror (1955, 190.5 x 163.8 cm) _ Balthus has painted landscapes, portraits, and interiors, but the female sitter in various states—daydreaming, reclining, or sleeping, often nude or partly clothed, and typically charged with erotic content—is the subject most frequently in his oeuvre. "Nude in Front of a Mantel" is striking for the sculptural monumentality of the model, who seems to be carved from marble, and the soft silvery light that bathes the figure and fills the room — Le peintre et son modèle (1981, 230x227cm; 700x700pix, 237kb) — Roger et son fils (1963, 131x90cm; 700x480pix, 141kb) — [In the Cards] (383x390pix, 32kb) |
^
Died on 29 February 1848: Louis-François
baron Lejeune, French general, painter, and lithographer,
born on 03 February 1775. |
Died on a 29 February:
^
1924 (11 Feb?) Jean-François Raffaëlli,
French painter, sculptor, and printmaker, born on 20 April 1850. He turned to
painting in 1870, after his early interest in music and theater, and took the
works of Camille Corot, Jean-Léon Gérôme, Ferdinand Roybet, and Mariano Fortuny
y Marsal as models for his own work. Raffaëlli painted a landscape that was
accepted by the Paris Salon jury of 1870. He enrolled in Gérôme’s atelier in
the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, in October 1871, but his three months
there were his only formal training. Together with a few landscapes the major
part of his early production consisted of costume pictures, primarily with subjects
in Louis XIII dress, such as L’Attaque sous bois (1873). — LINKS
— L'homme
aux deux pains (1879, 55x38cm; _ ZOOMable)
— Les
Deux Ouvriers (50x68cm; _ ZOOMable)
–- S*#> Au
Coin des Champs-Elysées (900x1092pix, 261kb)
–- S*#> Boulevard
à Asnières (x800pix, 96kb)
–- S*#> Les
Habitués du Café (x800pix, 100kb) _ Mom carrying the baby
and the two little boys have come to drag dad away from his absinthe.
–- S*#> Le
Trocadéro (x799pix, 94kb)
–- S*#> Cour
de Ferme (x799pix, 87kb)
— 29
images at ARC —(060227)
1868 Louis I, king of Bavaria (1825-1848), born on 25 August
1786. Disappointing as a ruler, he was an enthusiastic patron of the arts. He
collected the works that formed the nucleus of Munich's two best-known museums,
the Glyptothek
and Alte
Pinakothek., as well as of the Neue
Pinakothek [1853~], whose building he commissioned, as he did of many other
representative buildings in Munich, among them the Ludwigskirche, Propyläen,
Siegestor, Feldherrnhalle, and Odeon. His large-scale planning of Munich created
the city's present layout and classic style. MORE
ON LOUIS I AT HISTORY 4 FEBRUARY
Born on a 29 February:
^
>1884 Alfréd Réth, Hungarian painter who
died on 15 September 1966. He pursued his art studies in Nagybánya (Baia Mare,
Romania) and Paris, where he eventually settled and where he died. He played
a major role in the art movement of the 20th century. He started off as a postimpressionist
painter, then was influenced by oriental art and cubism. Later, he became an
adherent of geometric abstraction.
— Sunlit
Tree at Nagybánya (1903, 80x60cm; 979x743pix, 174kb)
— Lounging
Nude (1912, 1064x750pix, 101kb)
— In
a Garden Restaurant (1920, 34x26cm; 1030x815pix, 167kb)
— Southern
Landscape (1925, 995x744pix, 94kb)
— Woman
with Necklace (1927, 1046x739pix, 122kb)
— Southern
Landscape (1925, 995x744pix, 94kb)
— Abstract
Composition (1935, 47x32cm; 1211x800pix, 74kb)
— Composition
(1956, 58x78cm; 972x1297pix, 99kb) _ The pseudonymous Unafred Wraith has combined
these last three pictures and transformed them into the amazing twin abstractions
_ Southern
Contract Position (2007; 724x1024pix, 166kb _ ZOOM
to 1024x1448pix, 346kb _ ZOOM+
to 2636x3728pix, 2677kb) and
_ Southern
Position Abstract (2007; 724x1024pix, 166kb _ ZOOM
to 1024x1448pix, 346kb _ ZOOM+
to 2636x3728pix, 2677kb) —(070215)
^
1784 Leo von Klenze, German architect, and landscape
and portrait painter, who would die at age 79 one month and two days before
his 19th birthday in 1864. — {For purposes of restauration do they use
kleanser on Klenze paintings?}— He was court architect to Jérôme Bonaparte
of Westphalia and to Louis I of Bavaria, for whom he built many structures in
the Italian Renaissance and neo-classical styles. His chief works in Munich
were the Glyptothek (1816–1830), the Pinakothek, and the Odeon (1828). In 1839
he began additions to the Hermitage in Saint-Petersburg. In addition to building,
Von Klenze studied public building finance, designed and arranged museum galleries
of ancient art, and was an accomplished painter. His paintings exhibit a richness
of detail and special attention to light and compositional space. He successfully
combined his talent for sharp observation with an equal and complementary ability
to improve upon nature. On his visits to Italy, he both drew and painted landscapes
and examined the remains of Greek temples as sources for his archaeological
Greek style.
— Napoleon
in Portoferraio (1839, 40x51cm; 600x777pix, 63kb _ ZOOM
to 1958x2536pix, 293kb) _ Portoferraio is the capital of Elba, where Napoleon
[15 Aug 1769 – 05 May 1821] was in exile in 1814 and from where he escaped on
26 February 1815..
— The
Acropolis at Athens (1846, 103x148cm; 850x1217pix, 144kb) _ This ideal view
was painted in 1846 from a sketch the artist made in 1843. It had two purposes.
First it demonstrated Klenze's competence in the reconstruction and care of
historical monuments in Athens, which was then governed by a member of the Bavarian
royal family, and second, the measurements he took on the spot provided data
for the propylaeum on Königsplatz in Munich. —(060227)